Know Your Lore: Elven evolution

The World of Warcraft is an expansive universe. You're playing the game, you're fighting the bosses, you know the how, but do you know the why? Each week, Matthew Rossi and Anne Stickney make sure you Know Your Lore by covering the history of the story behind World of Warcraft.
I love reading the comments on KYL. Sometimes you guys have some really great ideas, and sometimes you guys know just where to poke a hole in whatever fanciful theory I've got out for discussion -- but by and large, it's just nice to see people asking questions and thinking. The bonus to having comments, however, is that I can see where people are confused and put together something to straighten it all out. The subject today is elven evolution -- the difference between the night elves, blood elves, high elves, Highborne, Shen'dralar, quel'dorei, sin'dorei and all those other terms thrown out there that make the simple process of figuring out where all those elves originated incredibly confusing. Elven evolution is fairly straightforward; it's just the extra terminology that throws people.
All elven ancestry starts with the kaldorei, which means "children of the stars" in their native tongue. These guys are night elves, and they are the first elves that ever existed and the elves from which all elven ancestry on Azeroth originates. Don't think of them exactly the same as the night elves we can play in Warcraft today, but as a slightly older version, though they looked virtually the same. Malfurion, Illidan, Tyrande, Azshara ... All of these elves were descendants of the original kaldorei.
Where the kaldorei came from is up in the air, though there are multiple theories. The night elves believe that the kaldorei were originally their own race, a primitive group of nomadic, nocturnal creatures who settled by the Well of Eternity and were blessed by Elune, transformed and subsequently adopting the name kaldorei. Ancient troll legends suggest that those nomads who settled by the Well of Eternity were actually trolls that were turned into the first kaldorei. This is where the crux of that argument about the elves' origins stems from. The elves believe that the primitive group of nomads were simply early elves who hadn't evolved into "proper" elves yet, and the trolls believe that the primitive group of nomads were actually primitive trolls who split off from the Amani Empire.

There were kaldorei that practiced these arcane arts that were not technically quel'dorei -- Illidan Stormrage being a notable exception. He was a kaldorei, but he wasn't really one of those upper classes who were favored by Queen Azshara. There were presumably others who fell under that description -- kaldorei who simply weren't from the upper classes, yet still chose to delve into the arcane arts rather than devote their lives to Elune.
Recap #1: Okay, we have the kaldorei. The kaldorei is the only race of elves at this point, and the quel'dorei is a just another name for a section of that race, the ones that were supposedly "special" according to their class status in society. That's the only difference between these guys: rank in society. Other than that, they're all kaldorei. The common term for kaldorei is "night elves."

But some of the quel'dorei escaped, horrified at Azshara's actions, and followed Malfurion and the others to Hyjal, where Illidan attempted to make another Well of Eternity. He was imprisoned for this, and arcane magic, the magic of the quel'dorei, was banned, punishable by death if practiced. The dragon Aspects created the World Tree, Nordrassil, and charged the kaldorei with watching over the new Well of Eternity to make sure the events of the War of the Ancients didn't come to pass again. As part of the World Tree, the kaldorei were granted immortality.
Not all of the surviving quel'dorei went with Malfurion, however, and not all of them sank beneath the ocean. There was a secret faction of Azshara's quel'dorei known as the Shen'dralar that was thought to have perished with Azshara and the rest; instead, they were just fine. These quel'dorei lived in Eldre'Thalas, the capital city of the quel'dorei of the time, and did not spend their days in Zin-Azshari, which was the capital city where Queen Azshara dwelled.
While Zin-Azshari sunk to the depths of the ocean when the Sundering hit, Eldre'thalas simply got shoved far, far to the south and is currently known as Dire Maul. The Shen'dralar still exist down there, and look just like night elves -- because they are night elves. They're just night elves that are part of that special rank known as quel'dorei.
Recap #2: All elves at this point are still kaldorei, or night elves. There are a section of night elves called the quel'dorei, but they are for all purposes one and the same as the kaldorei we know today; it's just the name that is different. Some of these quel'dorei sank into the ocean and became naga, Azshara included. Some were transformed by the Burning Legion into satyr. Some went with Malfurion Stormrage and the rest of the night elves. And some survived in secret in Eldre'Thalas to the south.

These quel'dorei eventually banded together, and in an effort to try and show the rest of the kaldorei race the power of the arcane, unleashed a magical storm upon Ashenvale. The kaldorei were less than impressed, and though the law stated that these quel'dorei should be executed for their actions, Malfurion and the others couldn't bear to end the lives of so many of their kaldorei brethren, so they were merely exiled. These quel'dorei, led by Dath'Remar Sunstrider, set sail across the ocean and landed on the shores of the Eastern Kingdoms -- thousands of years before the humans had set up any of the kingdoms we see today.
Once on the Eastern Kingdoms, something happened. The distance was too great for the elves to receive the immortality granted by Nordrassil, the World Tree, and they were so far away from the life-giving energy of both it and the Well of Eternity that they physically changed. They shrank in height, their skin lightening to the peach hue of that of the humans, and they were now vulnerable to the elements. These elves, once kaldorei, had physically changed into what we now know as high elves.
Recap #3: Now we have two physically different species of elves. The kaldorei remained on the continent of Kalimdor, along with the leftover quel'dorei secretly making their home in Dire Maul. Then we've got the high elves who are living in the Eastern Kingdoms and physically different from the kaldorei -- they are now their own species, descended from the original kaldorei. Keep in mind that the high elves still call themselves quel'dorei, despite having physically changed into a different race.

When Arthas and the Scourge attacked Quel'Thalas, the high elves scattered even farther. Some remained behind to fight. Others scattered to various parts of the world, which is why you see high elves here and there in places like the Hinterlands. The majority of those who fought at Quel'thalas during the Third War died -- approximately 90% of the high elven population. Not only did Arthas succeed in destroying the Sunwell, he also killed Kael'thas' father Anasterian, the leader of the blood elves at the time, and almost managed to wipe out the high elf population completely.
Kael'thas returned to Quel'thalas and his people and renamed them blood elves in homage to the elves that gave their lives trying to protect the Sunwell. During the course of his lifetime, Kael'thas sought out a way to "cure" the addiction his people were suffering from -- the same sort of addictive withdrawal that they'd experienced when the original Well of Eternity was destroyed. While seeking out a cure, he was taught how to siphon magic from various sources to "feed" the addiction, something that he then passed on to his people. One of the best sources for this was demonic energy. This fel magic is what causes the blood elves' eyes to glow green with demonic fire. It's been stated in the Warcraft Encyclopedia that the high elves and blood elves are physiologically the same race.
Recap #4: Still only two different species of elves here. We've got the kaldorei of Kalimdor, or night elves, and the quel'dorei of Kalimdor -- who are still night elves but with a different name. Then we have the quel'dorei of the Eastern Kingdoms, or high elves, a separate race. These high elves have split into two factions, quel'dorei (high elves) and sin'dorei (blood elves). The sin'dorei and the quel'dorei of the Eastern Kingdoms do not get along at all, because the sin'dorei have willingly taken up playing around with demonic energy, something that is pretty abhorrent to any quel'dorei who remembers what the Burning Legion did to Azeroth.

Now we're going to throw a wrench in the works. The term "Highborne" is often used to describe any number of elves, which also generates a heck of a lot of confusion. "Highborne" is simply "quel'dorei" in Common, the language used by the Alliance. Azshara and her followers, the quel'dorei that practice arcane magic, were "Highborne." The "quel'dorei elite" who lived with her in the palace are often referred to as "Highborne elite." The other confusing part of this is that there are two different species of elves using the name "quel'dorei" now. The high elves of the Eastern Kingdoms use it, and the elves of the Shen'dralar down in Dire Maul still use it, despite being kaldorei. Throw in the added confusion of the term "night elf" being used interchangeably with "kaldorei," and you've got yourself a whole mess of terminology.
What should be remembered is that there are only two different species of elves: kaldorei and high elves. Night elf = kaldorei, high elf = quel'dorei, blood elf = sin'dorei, and high elf = blood elf, save the name change and the eye color (which is due to the blood elves' feeding on demon magic). The exception to the high elf = quel'dorei rule are the Shen'dralar, who simply use the term "Highborne" or "quel'dorei" to refer to themselves as a title. They're still kaldorei as a species -- aka night elves.
Still confused? Sometimes I am too -- which is why I made a chart. Colorful charts always help!

Really, the best way to tell which species of elf you're dealing with is by just giving it a good look. All "small" elves with peach skin from the Eastern Kingdoms are either high elves or blood elves. All elves with pink, purple or blue skin from Kalimdor are kaldorei, or night elves. (Unless, of course, that elf you're looking at is really a dragon, which throws yet another wrench in the works -- but we won't go there.) The Shen'dralar of Dire Maul are Highborne (quel'dorei), kaldorei who have been hidden away since the Sundering after the War of the Ancients. These Highborne are rumored to be the origin of (and the trainers for) night elf mages when Cataclysm hits.
Hopefully, this primer helped clarify the somewhat confusing evolution of elves in Warcraft history and answered some questions along the way!
Hopefully, this primer helped clarify the somewhat confusing evolution of elves in Warcraft history and answered some questions along the way!
Filed under: Lore, Know your Lore
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Reader Comments (Page 1 of 9)
eman.yomon May 4th 2010 5:08PM
Just thought I'd mention that the Wretched are technically their own race as well as a result of the Sunwell.
The theory that Trolls evolved into elves.... Eh, I don't know. Just seems too fishy to me, because if it's true then Trolls haven't changed one iota in thousands of years on the main evolutionary trait.
Created by the same diety? Maybe. Related? Only if ju tink we mon, ar' truly dat bad.
Omacron May 4th 2010 5:26PM
Trolls haven't changed in thousands of years? Trolls are the most diverse family of species on the planet, with "original flavor" Zandalar trolls, jungle trolls, sand trolls, forest trolls, frost trolls, dire trolls and dark trolls. They're plenty "evolutionarily adapted".
Noah May 4th 2010 5:23PM
I've always like the troll/elf theory. It explains the ears.
Groth May 4th 2010 5:30PM
Evolution is driven by selective pressure. If trolls were already suited to their selective pressure, they wouldnt change much. They might get taller, stronger, bigger tusked, or whatever traits female trolls look for.
If you consider that modern man is pretty much the same as homo sapiens from the stone age, then you'll see that without a major change in selective pressure (or the intervention of a deity), then not changing is normal.
Why the night elves can't accept that they might be related to trolls is most likely due to their own over inflated egos. Maybe their inability to recognise the culture and widespread civilisation that the troll empires created stems from their depressing belief that they are the 'chosen' of a goddess. The way they casually abandoned their brethren when they were in need only increases my dislike of them.
CrimsonEyedDeath May 4th 2010 6:06PM
I wouldn't say trolls 'evolved' into Night Elves so much as 'mutated'. That one tribe that migrated to the center of the continent was around the well of Eternity for a long, long time. Is living right next to a powerful source of magic really any different that living next to, say, a large patch of radiation?
I consider Night Elves to be mutant Trolls, much as Dwarves are mutant Earthen (as I don't think being changed by the Old God's Curse of Flesh could be called a 'natural evolution' by any stretch of the imagination).
Methuus May 4th 2010 6:19PM
You know, I hope the troll origin of elves question is never settled. Because, strangely, one of the harder things to do in a fantasy setting is to keep a sense of mystery about the past.
Mostly because fantasy settings tend to have the gods be real and continuously active in the world, lots of immortal or near-immortal beings hanging around, and, in WoW, even time-travel. So the past often isn't something of historical or archaeological research, but rather just asking someone who was there or going there yourself.
And further, when the creators of a fantasy setting create fiction in the setting (whether it be comics, books, or quest text) it tends to be written as "this is what happened" rather than as the best historical/archaeological guess about what might have happened.
For example, we can assume that the War of the Ancients novels are a more-or-less accurate account of the events of that time (until retcon at least, but that's a different problem). And we can assume that the spirit visions in the alliance questline about the origins of the humans from stunted vykul is what really happened.
But the questions about he elven origins are more like the way real history happens. Different groups have different stories, in some ways similar, in some ways contradictory. And there's not enough truly objective evidence to say conclusively.
So, be careful Blizzard. Keep parts of the past an undiscovered country.
Grakaron May 4th 2010 6:21PM
Actually it is mentioned that one of the reasons Trolls say the Night Elves evolved from them is to sort of sate their own egos and bruises that they got their butts handed to them by the night elves. They couldnt comprehend a race that beat them cause they were the 'top of the food chain' so the only way they could stomach it was by saying "oh they are just special trolls." Personally I believe the kaldorei were their own race, and became enlightened and more advanced by the well. Trolls are just trolls are just trolls no matter where you find them in Azeroth, no matter what kind of magic etc, whenever you put too much of something into a troll (magic, chemicals, plague, etc) they just turn into beserkers, not nightelves. But as always Metzen has the last word, might be retconned in the future that they evolved from rabbits that drank at the well.
erknost May 4th 2010 8:08PM
Guys... not all evolution it mean a upgrade. Evolution it is any change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms through successive generations, and that exactly what happen when a small amount of Trolls become Night Elves and when when also a small amount of Night Elves become High Elves.
Cure4Living May 5th 2010 3:29AM
Technically speaking Elves and Trolls are indigenous to Azaroth i.e. no gods, titans or magical beings created them (only modified them). Thus if you want to talk evolution (which rarely comes up in WoW lore except for 'magical evolution') then yes Elves and Trolls are related just like humans are related to every single other living thing on earth, the question is just where the split off, was it in the primordial pool, was it at a single celled level or multi-celled level, was it when animals started walking on land?
Of course with titans and old gods running around I'm surprised anything indigenous was even able to make it.
Faar May 6th 2010 10:29PM
Groth:
Who'd actually WANT to be related to a bunch of damned, dirty trolls? Can you mention even one race on azeroth that's any more bloodthirsty, twisted, corrupt, evil and generally perverted than trolls? There's not a single evil entity or demigod on the planet that doesn't have a tribe of trolls worshipping it with cannibalistic blood sacrifices and wicked rituals and whatnot.
Exterminate the lot of them. It's the only way!
The only good troll is a DEAD troll.
Deathknighty May 4th 2010 5:11PM
Good article.
Muse May 4th 2010 5:46PM
Yep. Although inner editor thinks that after recap #3 it's not clear enough that a lot of time passes between them getting to eastern kingdoms, and the sunwell getting destroyed.
Rubitard May 4th 2010 5:21PM
That still doesn't explain why female night elves bounce. Perhaps some things are best left unknown....
Callimaco May 4th 2010 5:51PM
I will gladly sign up for observation of the phenomenon. You know, for science.
Michael Martine May 4th 2010 6:07PM
Easily explainable in two words: small bladders.
Eyhk May 4th 2010 6:11PM
I think the correct wording for your question would be why the female high elves / blood elves DON'T bounce. You see, their height was not the only physical feature that shrank a size or two. It also accounts for the male high elves with the, ahem, higher pitch of voice.
Alanid May 4th 2010 6:18PM
@Callimaco Did you pick up the whipped cream for later? You know... for SNACKS... I mean... science... yes that's the one I meant.
devilsei May 4th 2010 7:09PM
Don't worry alanid, I got the cream.
But don't forget to bring small cups (glass preferably), water and/or milk, and white, low-cut t-shirts. If we are to get down to why exactly night elf women bounce, we must use the best forms of science Manswers: Azeroth has provided us with.
Alverian Jun 21st 2010 6:25AM
"But as always Metzen has the last word, might be retconned in the future that they evolved from RABBITS that drank at the well."
Marco Polaris May 4th 2010 5:19PM
Lately I'm beginning to question if the high elves and blood elves really can be considered different races anymore. The differences were already minute before the Burning Crusade, and with the Sunwell restored, it's even more unlikely that the blood elves will continue to change and mutate under the influence of fel magic. I was originally on-board with the notion of a new breed of demon-powered elf, but Warcraft's story has instead slowly white-washed most of the differences between the two factions. Can we really call them different races anymore? At this point, it would be like saying there are two races of human, because some of them are black.