Know Your Lore: Elven evolution

The World of Warcraft is an expansive universe. You're playing the game, you're fighting the bosses, you know the how, but do you know the why? Each week, Matthew Rossi and Anne Stickney make sure you Know Your Lore by covering the history of the story behind World of Warcraft.
I love reading the comments on KYL. Sometimes you guys have some really great ideas, and sometimes you guys know just where to poke a hole in whatever fanciful theory I've got out for discussion -- but by and large, it's just nice to see people asking questions and thinking. The bonus to having comments, however, is that I can see where people are confused and put together something to straighten it all out. The subject today is elven evolution -- the difference between the night elves, blood elves, high elves, Highborne, Shen'dralar, quel'dorei, sin'dorei and all those other terms thrown out there that make the simple process of figuring out where all those elves originated incredibly confusing. Elven evolution is fairly straightforward; it's just the extra terminology that throws people.
All elven ancestry starts with the kaldorei, which means "children of the stars" in their native tongue. These guys are night elves, and they are the first elves that ever existed and the elves from which all elven ancestry on Azeroth originates. Don't think of them exactly the same as the night elves we can play in Warcraft today, but as a slightly older version, though they looked virtually the same. Malfurion, Illidan, Tyrande, Azshara ... All of these elves were descendants of the original kaldorei.
Where the kaldorei came from is up in the air, though there are multiple theories. The night elves believe that the kaldorei were originally their own race, a primitive group of nomadic, nocturnal creatures who settled by the Well of Eternity and were blessed by Elune, transformed and subsequently adopting the name kaldorei. Ancient troll legends suggest that those nomads who settled by the Well of Eternity were actually trolls that were turned into the first kaldorei. This is where the crux of that argument about the elves' origins stems from. The elves believe that the primitive group of nomads were simply early elves who hadn't evolved into "proper" elves yet, and the trolls believe that the primitive group of nomads were actually primitive trolls who split off from the Amani Empire.

There were kaldorei that practiced these arcane arts that were not technically quel'dorei -- Illidan Stormrage being a notable exception. He was a kaldorei, but he wasn't really one of those upper classes who were favored by Queen Azshara. There were presumably others who fell under that description -- kaldorei who simply weren't from the upper classes, yet still chose to delve into the arcane arts rather than devote their lives to Elune.
Recap #1: Okay, we have the kaldorei. The kaldorei is the only race of elves at this point, and the quel'dorei is a just another name for a section of that race, the ones that were supposedly "special" according to their class status in society. That's the only difference between these guys: rank in society. Other than that, they're all kaldorei. The common term for kaldorei is "night elves."

But some of the quel'dorei escaped, horrified at Azshara's actions, and followed Malfurion and the others to Hyjal, where Illidan attempted to make another Well of Eternity. He was imprisoned for this, and arcane magic, the magic of the quel'dorei, was banned, punishable by death if practiced. The dragon Aspects created the World Tree, Nordrassil, and charged the kaldorei with watching over the new Well of Eternity to make sure the events of the War of the Ancients didn't come to pass again. As part of the World Tree, the kaldorei were granted immortality.
Not all of the surviving quel'dorei went with Malfurion, however, and not all of them sank beneath the ocean. There was a secret faction of Azshara's quel'dorei known as the Shen'dralar that was thought to have perished with Azshara and the rest; instead, they were just fine. These quel'dorei lived in Eldre'Thalas, the capital city of the quel'dorei of the time, and did not spend their days in Zin-Azshari, which was the capital city where Queen Azshara dwelled.
While Zin-Azshari sunk to the depths of the ocean when the Sundering hit, Eldre'thalas simply got shoved far, far to the south and is currently known as Dire Maul. The Shen'dralar still exist down there, and look just like night elves -- because they are night elves. They're just night elves that are part of that special rank known as quel'dorei.
Recap #2: All elves at this point are still kaldorei, or night elves. There are a section of night elves called the quel'dorei, but they are for all purposes one and the same as the kaldorei we know today; it's just the name that is different. Some of these quel'dorei sank into the ocean and became naga, Azshara included. Some were transformed by the Burning Legion into satyr. Some went with Malfurion Stormrage and the rest of the night elves. And some survived in secret in Eldre'Thalas to the south.

These quel'dorei eventually banded together, and in an effort to try and show the rest of the kaldorei race the power of the arcane, unleashed a magical storm upon Ashenvale. The kaldorei were less than impressed, and though the law stated that these quel'dorei should be executed for their actions, Malfurion and the others couldn't bear to end the lives of so many of their kaldorei brethren, so they were merely exiled. These quel'dorei, led by Dath'Remar Sunstrider, set sail across the ocean and landed on the shores of the Eastern Kingdoms -- thousands of years before the humans had set up any of the kingdoms we see today.
Once on the Eastern Kingdoms, something happened. The distance was too great for the elves to receive the immortality granted by Nordrassil, the World Tree, and they were so far away from the life-giving energy of both it and the Well of Eternity that they physically changed. They shrank in height, their skin lightening to the peach hue of that of the humans, and they were now vulnerable to the elements. These elves, once kaldorei, had physically changed into what we now know as high elves.
Recap #3: Now we have two physically different species of elves. The kaldorei remained on the continent of Kalimdor, along with the leftover quel'dorei secretly making their home in Dire Maul. Then we've got the high elves who are living in the Eastern Kingdoms and physically different from the kaldorei -- they are now their own species, descended from the original kaldorei. Keep in mind that the high elves still call themselves quel'dorei, despite having physically changed into a different race.

When Arthas and the Scourge attacked Quel'Thalas, the high elves scattered even farther. Some remained behind to fight. Others scattered to various parts of the world, which is why you see high elves here and there in places like the Hinterlands. The majority of those who fought at Quel'thalas during the Third War died -- approximately 90% of the high elven population. Not only did Arthas succeed in destroying the Sunwell, he also killed Kael'thas' father Anasterian, the leader of the blood elves at the time, and almost managed to wipe out the high elf population completely.
Kael'thas returned to Quel'thalas and his people and renamed them blood elves in homage to the elves that gave their lives trying to protect the Sunwell. During the course of his lifetime, Kael'thas sought out a way to "cure" the addiction his people were suffering from -- the same sort of addictive withdrawal that they'd experienced when the original Well of Eternity was destroyed. While seeking out a cure, he was taught how to siphon magic from various sources to "feed" the addiction, something that he then passed on to his people. One of the best sources for this was demonic energy. This fel magic is what causes the blood elves' eyes to glow green with demonic fire. It's been stated in the Warcraft Encyclopedia that the high elves and blood elves are physiologically the same race.
Recap #4: Still only two different species of elves here. We've got the kaldorei of Kalimdor, or night elves, and the quel'dorei of Kalimdor -- who are still night elves but with a different name. Then we have the quel'dorei of the Eastern Kingdoms, or high elves, a separate race. These high elves have split into two factions, quel'dorei (high elves) and sin'dorei (blood elves). The sin'dorei and the quel'dorei of the Eastern Kingdoms do not get along at all, because the sin'dorei have willingly taken up playing around with demonic energy, something that is pretty abhorrent to any quel'dorei who remembers what the Burning Legion did to Azeroth.

Now we're going to throw a wrench in the works. The term "Highborne" is often used to describe any number of elves, which also generates a heck of a lot of confusion. "Highborne" is simply "quel'dorei" in Common, the language used by the Alliance. Azshara and her followers, the quel'dorei that practice arcane magic, were "Highborne." The "quel'dorei elite" who lived with her in the palace are often referred to as "Highborne elite." The other confusing part of this is that there are two different species of elves using the name "quel'dorei" now. The high elves of the Eastern Kingdoms use it, and the elves of the Shen'dralar down in Dire Maul still use it, despite being kaldorei. Throw in the added confusion of the term "night elf" being used interchangeably with "kaldorei," and you've got yourself a whole mess of terminology.
What should be remembered is that there are only two different species of elves: kaldorei and high elves. Night elf = kaldorei, high elf = quel'dorei, blood elf = sin'dorei, and high elf = blood elf, save the name change and the eye color (which is due to the blood elves' feeding on demon magic). The exception to the high elf = quel'dorei rule are the Shen'dralar, who simply use the term "Highborne" or "quel'dorei" to refer to themselves as a title. They're still kaldorei as a species -- aka night elves.
Still confused? Sometimes I am too -- which is why I made a chart. Colorful charts always help!

Really, the best way to tell which species of elf you're dealing with is by just giving it a good look. All "small" elves with peach skin from the Eastern Kingdoms are either high elves or blood elves. All elves with pink, purple or blue skin from Kalimdor are kaldorei, or night elves. (Unless, of course, that elf you're looking at is really a dragon, which throws yet another wrench in the works -- but we won't go there.) The Shen'dralar of Dire Maul are Highborne (quel'dorei), kaldorei who have been hidden away since the Sundering after the War of the Ancients. These Highborne are rumored to be the origin of (and the trainers for) night elf mages when Cataclysm hits.
Hopefully, this primer helped clarify the somewhat confusing evolution of elves in Warcraft history and answered some questions along the way!
Hopefully, this primer helped clarify the somewhat confusing evolution of elves in Warcraft history and answered some questions along the way!
Filed under: Lore, Know your Lore
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Reader Comments (Page 2 of 9)
Noah May 4th 2010 5:24PM
From the post:
"t's been stated in the Warcraft Encyclopedia that the high elves and blood elves are physiologically the same race."
Bludstorm May 4th 2010 5:27PM
The difference between high elves and blood elves is the same as that between the Mag'har and the Durotar Orcs.
Tabasa May 4th 2010 5:28PM
It's probably more accurate to call them two separate factions of elf as opposed to separate races, since the differences between the High and Blood Elfs are largely political (exclusively so, if you only consider the original reason the change of name came about being a decision on Kael'thas' part and had nothing to do with energy sources initially).
The physical differences between the two get even more confusing with the fact that, lore-wise, green eyes were a perfectly natural occurance in some High Elves, meaning that the eye color is not necessarily a dead giveaway to which kind of Elf you're dealing with (granted, it technically is in-game, but storyline-wise is a different matter).
Nemuraan May 6th 2010 3:37AM
They are the same race and they were always the same race.
But..... The High Elves can't forgive what the Blood Elves did (mess up with fel magic (what btw turned their eyes red) ) and that's why they don't want to be allied with them or be called the same way as them.
Also, great article, thanks!
Just two things, was the blood/high elf model in WoW since Vanilla? Or were the high elves in the Hinterlands added in BC?
And what's the deal with the High Elves joining the Alliance (Silver Covenant)?
Callimaco May 4th 2010 5:48PM
I'm trying my darndest to change into some demon powered elf by mucking around with fel energy. As I see it, I can take my true form every 2.1 minutes.
ash May 4th 2010 6:41PM
Marco does bring up a good point, though, that If Blood Elves are for all intents and purposes "cured" of their addiction to fel energy now that the sunwell has been restored what is the point of the split between queldorei and sindorei? Maybe this will not be addressed in Cataclysm... but you they have already changed the M'uru storyline and I am wondering how much longer they can go on justifying a split between the blood elves and high elves. Unless they introduce some new element that ties the blood elves to the Horde then I think the lore is going to get more sketchy.
ioncat May 4th 2010 8:17PM
I argued this in a topic a couple days ago, but I'll go ahead and put my opinion up here again.
High Elves and Blood Elves do have a physical difference. Yes, it is very small. Yes, the source of that change ( the whole sunwell, fel magic thing) is gone. Yes, they first became 'Blood Elves' on political reasons alone.
That does not take away the fact that the two have a physical distinction.
Now I'm not trying to prove anyone wrong or disprove anyone, I'm approaching this from a scientific standpoint, and according to taxonomy, High Elves and Blood Elves are not the same. Blood Elves are, technically, a subspecies (sometimes called RACE) of High Elves. Those eyes set them apart. They make them different. Just as the Mag'har and the Durotar Orcs are different.
You might not want to look at it that way, and whatever floats your boat that's fine, that's just how biology breaks this down.
And just to put it out there
CaryEverett May 5th 2010 6:42AM
@Nemuraan
High Elves were in Vanilla. They were a re-skinned Night Elf. Blond hair, peach skin night elves (Hince why it was commonly said that Sylvanas used to look like a Night Elf). When Blood Elves got their own model in Burning Crusade, all the High Elves were retroactively changed to the new model.
They kinda looked hideously used to look hideously ugly
http://images4.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20061206234556/wowwiki/images/8/8f/Gilthares_Firebough_old_model.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Vef63l-sFgE/SLRNrpURlyI/AAAAAAAACp8/9uxOc1P4kZE/s400/SylvanasWindrunner2.jpg
@ash
The main thing separating the High Elves from the Alliance in-game is the Night Elves. As of right now, the Night Elves still view the High Elves as traitors for using arcane magic. The High Elves still aren't really Alliance; they are more of a neutral faction that favors Alliance. Of course, in Cataclysm, Night Elves are going to resume using arcane magic, so that one goes out the window.
I think at this point, the main reason the Blood Elves are staying with the Horde is because the Horde had their back. As petty as elves often are, I think many Blood Elves have grudging gratitude for the help they received during Burning Crusade. Similar to why Taurens are with the Horde.
CaryEverett May 5th 2010 6:47AM
Note the blue eyes...
High Elf Before:
http://images3.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20060907090048/wowwiki/images/4/40/Captain_Thalo%27thas_Brightsun.jpg
High Elf After:
http://images1.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20061124181754/wowwiki/images/thumb/c/c5/Captainbrightsun.JPG/315px-Captainbrightsun.JPG
Sorry I don't have any better pictures than that. I've never really played on Alliance side, and that character is basically one of the only High Elves that Horde actually interacted with that I can remember.
Millenia May 5th 2010 10:45PM
"The main thing separating the High Elves from the Alliance in-game is the Night Elves. As of right now, the Night Elves still view the High Elves as traitors for using arcane magic."
There is nothing separating the High Elves from the Alliance, since they work with the Alliance and have mostly the same interests. The night elves may not like the high elves, but you can hardly expect to be choosy with military alliances. The only real animosity between night and high elves is that the night elves refuse to let high elves use the moon wells found in foreign lands (like in Stormwind) and also refuse to let high elves onto their lands. Then again, it might be similar to Britain not allowing Soviet troops during WWII.
Tyu May 11th 2010 12:38PM
There are more than two races of Homo Sapiens. We're all one species, however.
Henrah May 4th 2010 5:19PM
That chart you made made it all click.
Fantastic!
Thanks a lot for this, I love these articles, always a good read whilst you're healing random heroics.
Marco Polaris May 4th 2010 5:25PM
Yeah, I saw Anne herself was treating them as one race, too, after I posted. That's what I get for multitasking while I read, eh?
Camaris May 4th 2010 5:26PM
The blood elves further evolved (mutated?) into fel elves in the Sunwell. If I recall correctly, you can actually see them doing this at the Throne of Kiljaeden daily quest area, where they are siphoning demonic energies to further transform them into the winged, demonic elves that make up the trash in SWP.
Tabasa May 4th 2010 5:38PM
Keep in mind, though, that the group that did complete the transformation into Fel-Elves were the hardcore elite of Kael'thas' group, who had likely been absorbing an immense amount of demonic energy over that course of time.
Comparitively, most of the Silvermoon Blood Elves likely were not exposed to nearly as much energy, both for lack of the resources Kael's core group had available, as well as the Scryers probably advocating some restraint once it was discovered what was really going on (while that's a pure guess on my part, it would make sense to me, at least).
The eye color change is a fairly minor physical change, and I doubt that most playable Blood Elves would have been exposed to enough fel energy to change them any more than that, and certainly not enough to count them as a different race altogether.
Camaris May 4th 2010 5:42PM
Of course, I did not intend to say that all blood elves became those terrible fel elf mutations. In fact, it seems very likely that none of them survived the assaults on the Sunwell and the subsequent cleansing.
Tabasa May 4th 2010 5:50PM
Yeah, as interesting as it would be to see them pop up again somewhere, it's extremely unlikely that any were left alive post SWP. If any are still alive, they're likely in hiding somewhere in Outland. The only likely reason I could see any still being around is if some were brought completely into the Legion and either avoided the battles at the Sunwell completely or managed to escape somehow afterwards.
I wouldn't rule them out completely, but a lot of explanation would be neccesary if they were ever brought back in any number.
Chmee May 4th 2010 5:30PM
I wonder.... where does the Curse of Flesh fit in?
Tabasa May 4th 2010 5:31PM
It doesn't. The Elves weren't a Titan creation.
Camaris May 4th 2010 5:40PM
This is a major gap in lore, as far as I am aware. The elves, tauren and a lot of minor races seem to have no relation at all to Titan creation legends at all.
It seems likely that the animal-based creatures like the quillboar, wolvar and furbolg are some manner of offspring of the mysterious Ancients. We know that the centaurs are the offspring of Cenarius or his sons. The Tauren claim they were created by the "Earthmother', whoever she was (possibly Elune).
That does still leave the kaldorei (or proto-kaldorei if you want them to split into troll and elf). Perhaps these are the only purely biologically evolved intelligent lifeform on Azeroth?
One thing that I still don't understand is how representations of night elves and tauren are so prominently on display in Ulduar..